Machine generated contents note: pt. I Introduction
1.The world economy
1.1.Introduction
1.2.World Bank regions
1.3.Land area and population
1.4.Income
1.5.Income per capita
1.6.International trade
1.7.Conclusions
2.Globalization
2.1.Introduction
2.2.What is globalization?
2.3.World income and trade since 1960
2.4.World trade and income per capita since 1960
2.5.A longer-term perspective: the past 2,000 years
2.6.Globalization in history
2.7.The price wedge and trade flows
2.8.More waves: capital and migration flows
2.9.Globalization and income inequality
2.10.Within-country income inequality
2.11.Conclusions
3.The balance of payments
3.1.Introduction
3.2.National income accounting
3.3.The balance of payments
3.4.Capital flows
3.5.Nations and (urns' a classic mistake
3.6.The Feldstein-Horioka puzzle
3.7.Conclusions
pt. II Comparative advantage
4.Technology: the classical approach
Contents note continued: 4.1.Historical Introduction
4.2.Smith's argument for free trade
4.3.Ricardo's contribution
4.4.Technology as a basis for comparative advantage
4.5.The production possibility frontier and autarky
4.6.Terms of trade and gains from trade
4.7.Ricardo and agriculture
4.8.More countries and the world production possibility frontier
4.9.Measuring trade advantages: The Balassa Index
4.10.Production structure: services and agriculture
4.11.Conclusions
5.Technology: the neoclassical approach
5.1.Introduction
5.2.Inter-and intra-regional trade flows
5.3.Neoclassical economics
5.4.General structure of the neoclassical model
5.5.Production functions
5.6.Cost minimization
5.7.Impact of wage rate and rental rate
5.8.Constant returns to scale
5.9.Factor price equalization
5.10.Stolper-Samuelson
5.11.Conclusions
6.Factor abundance and trade
6.1.Introduction
6.2.Rybczynski
Contents note continued: 6.3.The distribution of labour and capital
6.4.Heckscher-Ohlin
6.5.The production possibility frontier
6.6.Structure of the equilibrium
6.7.Autarky equilibrium
6.8.Trade equilibrium
6.9.Empirics: Leontief paradox and missing trade
6.10.Conclusions
pt. III Competitive advantage
7.Imperfect competition
7.1.Introduction
7.2.Monopoly
7.3.Monopoly in general equilibrium: autarky
7.4.Oligopoly
7.5.The pro-competitive effect of international trade
7.6.`Reciprocal dumping'
7.7.Conclusions
8.Intra-industry trade
8.1.Introduction
8.2.Theoretical issues
8.3.Measuring intra-industry trade: Grubel
Lloyd
8.4.Dixit-Stiglitz demand
8.5.Demand effects: income, price elasticity, and the price Index
8.6.Increasing returns to scale
8.7.Optimal pricing and zero profits
8.8.Explaining intra-industry trade
8.9.An alternative interpretation: intermediate goods
Contents note continued: 8.10.Case study: China and `electrical, electronic equipment'
8.11.Conclusions
9.Investment and migration
9.1.Introduction
9.2.Foreign direct investment (FDI)
9.3.Distribution of FDI
9.4.Greenfield FDI and mergers and acquisitions
9.5.The size of multinationals
9.6.The importance of multinationals
9.7.Simple gains from capital mobility
9.8.Migration
9.9.Impact of migration flows since 1500
9.10.Conclusions
pt. IV Trade policy
10.Trade organizations and policy
10.1.Introduction
10.2.International economic order
10.3.World Trade Organization
10.4.The United Nations and UNCTAD
10.5.Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
10.6.Tariffs, quotas, and other trade restrictions
10.7.Tariffs and partial equilibrium
10.8.Tariffs and general equilibrium
10.9.The `optimal' tariff and retaliation
10.10.Conclusions
11.Strategic trade policy
11.1.Introduction
Contents note continued: 11.2.WTO trade disputes
11.3.Analysis of WTO disputes
11.4.Market power and tariffs
11.5.The non-equivalence of tariffs and quotas
11.6.Strategic trade policy
11.7.The nature of competition
11.8.Evaluation of strategic trade policy
11.9.The aircraft industry: from AB to ABC?
11.10.Conclusions
12.Regional trade agreements
12.1.Introduction
12.2.Number of RTAs
12.3.Types of RTAs
12.4.Shallow versus deep integration and RTA heterogeneity
12.5.Neoclassical theory of RTAs
12.6.Regionalism and new trade theory
12.7.RTA example: European Union (EU)
12.8.Enlargement of the EU
12.9.Brexit: start of the decline of the EU?
12.10.RTA case study: TTIP
12.11.Conclusions
pt. V International firms
13.Heterogeneous firms
13.1.Introduction
13.2.Firm Heterogeneity in exports
13.3.Firm heterogeneity in imports
13.4.Main structure and firm behaviour
13.5.Entry, exit, and equilibrium
Contents note continued: 13.6.Firm heterogeneity, trade, and productivity
13.7.Firm heterogeneity and mode of entry
13.8.Conclusions
14.Multinational firms
14.1.Introduction
14.2.Trade and multinationals
14.3.Stylized facts of multinationals
14.4.Explaining multinationals
14.5.Proximity-concentration trade-off
14.6.Horizontal FDI and country differences
14.7.Empirical evidence for horizontal FDI
14.8.Horizontal FDI and firm heterogeneity
14.9.Conclusions
15.Off shoring and supply chains
15.1.Introduction
15.2.Hard-disk drive supply-chain example
15.3.Trade in value added
15.4.Vertical FDI (fragmentation)
15.5.Vertical FDI and wage inequality
15.6.Heterogeneous firms and vertical FDI
15.7.Empirical evidence for vertical FDI
15.8.Measuring supply chains: value added
15.9.Measuring supply chains: Grubel-Lloyd
15.10.Firm boundaries
15.11.Conclusion
pt. VI International interactions
Contents note continued: 16.Geography and gravity
16.1.Introduction
16.1.Zipf's Law arid the gravity equation
16.2.Geographic! economics
16.4.Multiple locations and equilibrium
16.5.Simulation analysis
16.6.Alternative models: human capital and intermediate goods
16.7.Predicting the location of European cities
16.8.The gravity equation
16.9.Conclusions
17.Growth and competitiveness
17.1.Introduction
17.2.Stylized facts
17.1.Capital accumulation
17.4.Human capital
17.5.Forward-looking behaviour
17.6.Total factor productivity (TFP)
17.7.Accumulability, rivalness, and excludability
17.8.Knowledge and endogenous growth
17.9.Dupuit triangles and the costs of trade restrictions
17.10.China: a case study
17.11.Global competitiveness: an overview
17.12.Conclusions.

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